Under both agreements, 9,800 U.S. troops and at least 2,000 NATO troops will be allowed to remain in Afghanistan after the official end of the international combat mission on December 31, 2014,[97] while allowing for additional training and advice to Afghan security forces and counterterrorism operations against al-Qaeda remnants. [98] Most troops will help train and support the fighting Afghan security forces, although some U.S. special forces will remain to conduct counterterrorism missions. [97] The NATO-led ISAF mission will transition to a Kabul-based training mission with six bases across the country. [97] Under the BSA, the United States is allowed to have bases in nine different locations in Afghanistan. [98] A base in Jalalabad, eastern Afghanistan, could also remain a starting point for armed drone operations in Afghanistan and across the border in Pakistan. [97] [98] The agreement also prevents the United States from preventing military personnel from being prosecuted under Afghan law for crimes they may commit; Instead, the United States is responsible for any criminal proceedings or disciplinary action involving its troops in the country. The provision does not apply to civilian contractors.
[98] The strength of 9,800 Americans is to be halved by 2016, after which U.S. forces will only be stationed in Kabul and Bagram Air Base. By the end of 2017, U.S. strength must be further reduced, which U.S. officials have described as a “normal” military advisory component in the U.S. Embassy in Kabul, most likely several hundred. [98] The BSA came into force on the 1st. January 2015 and will remain in effect “until the end of 2024 and beyond” unless terminated by both parties with two years` notice. [101] In May 2010, in Washington, President Obama and President Karzai committed our two countries to negotiate and enter into a strategic partnership that would provide a framework for our future relationship. On May 1, 2012, President Obama and President Karzai signed the Permanent Strategic Partnership Agreement between the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan and the United States of America. In 2014, US-led NATO forces ended their combat mission and handed over responsibility for security to the Afghan army and police.
However, about seventeen thousand NATO soldiers, including U.S. soldiers, remained in the country to train, advise and support Afghan security forces. Russia. Moscow hopes to revive relations with Afghanistan, which were frayed when it withdrew from the country in 1989 after its decades of occupation. Experts say Russia wants to play a leading role in the peace process and expand its influence in Afghanistan to counter the US and NATO presence in the region. It has hosted several meetings between Taliban delegations and Afghan representatives over the past year. Second, on April 8, 2012, the United States agreed to cede control of special operations to Afghan forces. [14] Part of the deal is to give Afghan military units more control over controversial night raid operations, which are unpopular with residents, and to place the raids under Afghan judicial authority while U.S. troops play a supporting role. T92 [10] [11] [14] [15] [16] The document[17] was published on August 8, 16.
It was signed in April 2012 by Afghan General Abdul Rahim Wardak and US General John Allen. “Today, we are one step closer to building the U.S.-Afghanistan strategic partnership. Most importantly, today we are a little closer to our common goal and vision of a secure and sovereign Afghanistan,” Allen said at the signing of the agreement. [9] The text of the agreement grants the United States full legal jurisdiction over U.S. troops and Department of Defense civilians working in Afghanistan. [74] With respect to troop immunity, it is stated that Afghanistan agrees “that the United States has the exclusive right to exercise jurisdiction” over members of the force and its civilian component “with respect to all criminal or civilian offenses committed in the territory of Afghanistan,”[74] and that “Afghanistan authorizes the United States to prosecute [civil and criminal] in such cases. or, where appropriate, take other disciplinary measures on the territory of Afghanistan,”[77][81], but Afghan authorities may require that any person be expelled from the country. [76] Afghan authorities are prohibited from arresting U.S. troops or U.S. civilians who cooperate with them. However, in the event that this happens “for any reason,” such personnel will be “immediately transferred to the Armed Forces of the United States.” [74] The agreement also states that U.S. troops and civilians may not be surrendered to an “international tribunal or any other entity or state” without the express consent of the United States.
Afghanistan, he said, retains its legal jurisdiction over civilian contractors, and they are prohibited from wearing military uniforms and “may only carry weapons in accordance with Afghan laws and regulations.” [74] The agreement signed today reaffirms that cooperation between Afghanistan and the United States is based on mutual respect and common interests. In this agreement, we commit ourselves to the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and national unity of Afghanistan. The agreement is not only a signal of the United States` long-term commitment to Afghanistan, but it also enshrines our mutual commitments and a shared vision for our relationship and Afghanistan`s future. U.S. commitments to support Afghanistan`s social and economic development, security, institutions, and regional cooperation are complemented by Afghan commitments to strengthen accountability, transparency, and oversight, and to protect the human rights of all Afghans, men and women. The draft agreement was finalized early in the morning of November 19, 2013, after Obama wrote Karzai a letter assuring him that the U.S. armed forces would continue to respect the “sanctity and dignity of the Afghan people.” [79] From 21. In November 2013, it was ratified by a Grand Council of Former Afghans[75] and ratified by the parliaments of Afghanistan and the United States. [74] According to the text of the draft, the agreement will enter into force on January 1, 2015 and will then remain “in force until the end of 2024 and beyond”, unless denounced with two years` notice. [75] Afghan President Karzai said the agreement would only be signed after the 2014 elections in Afghanistan,[83][84] but in the United States.
Officials have stated unequivocally that the agreement must be signed by the end of 2013, if not sooner, so that the Pentagon can prepare for its role after the end of the US combat mission. [79] [84] White House press secretary Jay Carney said the deal being considered by the Loya Jirga was the Obama administration`s “last offer.” Unless it goes into effect by the end of the year, Carney said, “it would be impossible for the United States and our allies to plan a presence after 2014.” [85] Karzai, who had previously said he would sign what he was willing to sign, later said, after the announcement of the draft bilateral security agreement (BSA), that he would not sign it until 2014, after a presidential election, to elect his successor, but before he left office. Aimal Faizi, a spokesman for Karzai, said Karzai wanted to wait until after the April 2014 elections to test other conditions: whether U.S. forces would stop looting Afghan homes, whether the Obama administration would help stabilize security in Afghanistan, promote peace talks, and not interfere in elections. [86] [87] Obama administration officials consider the signing date to be non-negotiable and stress the need for at least one year to plan future deployments and allow coalition partners, including Germany and Italy, to plan a residual force presence they offer. [87] Under the Strategic Partnership Agreement signed by the United States. . . .
